DAMPAK KONFLIK AMERIKA–IRAN 2026 TERHADAP KUNJUNGAN WISATA KE LOMBOK: ANALISIS PARIWISATA GLOBAL DAN PERSEPSI RISIKO WISATAWAN
Keywords:
Konflik Geopolitik, Pariwisata Internasional, Persepsi Risiko Wisatawan, Kunjungan Wisatawan, Lombok.
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak konflik Amerika–Iran 2026 terhadap pariwisata global dan implikasinya terhadap kunjungan wisata ke Lombok. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) melalui analisis jurnal ilmiah, laporan organisasi internasional, data statistik pariwisata, serta berbagai dokumen yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik Amerika–Iran menyebabkan gangguan transportasi udara internasional, peningkatan biaya perjalanan, perubahan pola mobilitas wisatawan, serta meningkatnya persepsi risiko terhadap perjalanan internasional. Kondisi tersebut berdampak terhadap perubahan preferensi wisatawan dalam memilih destinasi wisata yang dianggap aman dan stabil.
References
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[2] Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2020). Jumlah kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara ke Nusa Tenggara Barat menurut bulan, 2019. Jakarta: BPS.
[3] Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2023). Statistik pariwisata Nusa Tenggara Barat 2023. Mataram: BPS Provinsi NTB.
[4] Bocconi University. (2026, Maret). Tourism in shock: how the conflict is reshaping routes, costs, and perceived safety. Milan: Bocconi University. Diambil dari https://www.unibocconi.it
[5] Buhalis, D. (2003). eTourism: information technology for strategic tourism management. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
[6] Coombs, W. T. (2007). Ongoing crisis communication: planning, managing, and responding (2nd ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
[7] Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Fyall, A., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (2008). Tourism: principles and practice (4th ed.). Harlow: Prentice Hall.
[8] Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
[9] Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Lombok Barat. (2026). *Laporan realisasi kunjungan wisata Kabupaten Lombok Barat 2023-2025*. Gerung: Dispar Lombok Barat.
[10] Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Lombok Utara. (2025). Laporan capaian kunjungan wisata Kabupaten Lombok Utara tahun 2025. Tanjung: Dispar Lombok Utara.
[11] Fletcher, J. (2018). Demand. Dalam J. Fletcher, A. Fyall, D. Gilbert, & S. Wanhill (Eds.), Tourism: principles and practice (6th ed., pp. 75-112). Harlow: Pearson.
[12] France24. (2026, Maret 16). Stagflation risk in US 'quite high': Nobel-winning economist Stiglitz. Diambil dari https://www.france24.com
[13] Gelbman, A., & Timothy, D. J. (2010). From hostile borders to tourist attractions: a case study of the Israeli–Jordanian border region. Dalam A. Gelbman & D. J. Timothy (Eds.), Tourism and geopolitics: issues and concepts from Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 95-112). Wallingford: CABI.
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[25] Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Dalam D. Kahneman & A. Tversky (Eds.), Choices, values, and frames (pp. 17-43). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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[27] Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif Republik Indonesia. (2023). Laporan kinerja Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif tahun 2023. Jakarta: Kemenparekraf.
[28] Leiper, N. (2004). Tourism management (3rd ed.). Frenchs Forest: Pearson Education.
[29] Mair, J., Ritchie, B. W., & Walters, G. (2021). Towards a research agenda for post-disaster and post-crisis recovery strategies for tourist destinations: a narrative review. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(1), 1-23.
[30] Mansfeld, Y., & Pizam, A. (Eds.). (2006). Tourism, security and safety: from theory to practice. Burlington: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
[31] Mathieson, A., & Wall, G. (1982). Tourism: economic, physical and social impacts. Harlow: Longman.
[32] Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
[33] Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif (Edisi Revisi). Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
[34] Nazir, M. (2014). Metode penelitian. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia.
[35] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). OECD tourism trends and policies 2023. Paris: OECD Publishing.
[36] Oxford Economics. (2026, Maret). Iran conflict – one month on: assessing the global economic impact. Oxford: Oxford Economics. Diambil dari https://www.oxfordeconomics.com
[37] Oxford Economics. (2026, Maret). *Middle East arrivals to fall up to -27%: Tourism Economics*. Oxford: Oxford Economics. Diambil dari https://www.trbusiness.com
[38] Oxford Economics. (2026, Maret). Tourism in shock: how the conflict is reshaping routes, costs, and perceived safety. Oxford: Oxford Economics. Diambil dari https://www.unibocconi.it
[39] Pew Research Center. (2024). News platform fact sheet 2024. Washington DC: Pew Research Center. Diambil dari https://www.pewresearch.org
[40] Pizam, A., & Mansfeld, Y. (2006). Toward a theory of tourism security. Dalam Y. Mansfeld & A. Pizam (Eds.), Tourism, security and safety: from theory to practice (pp. 1-28). Burlington: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
[41] Reisinger, Y., & Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: implications of travel risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43(3), 212-225.
[42] Reisinger, Y., & Mavondo, F. (2006). Cultural differences in travel risk perception. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 20(1), 13-31.
[43] Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. (2023). Digital news report 2023. Oxford: Reuters Institute.
[44] Ritchie, B. W. (2009). Crisis and disaster management for tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
[45] Rofi’i, M. T. (2023). Konflik lahan wisata di daerah perbatasan Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dan Kabupaten Lombok Barat: kasus lahan Mendak Desa Montong Ajan Kabupaten Lombok Tengah [Skripsi]. Mataram: Universitas Mataram.
[46] Saiful. (2023). Place branding wisata halal Lombok dalam upaya meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan [Skripsi]. [Tempat tidak diketahui]: [Penerbit tidak diketahui].
[47] Sharpley, R. (2006). Travel and tourism. London: SAGE Publications.
[48] Song, H., & Witt, S. F. (2000). Tourism demand modelling and forecasting: modern econometric approaches. Oxford: Pergamon.
[49] Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
[50] The Economic Times. (2026, Maret 19). Nearly 28 million trips from Mideast at risk this year due to Iran war, Oxford Economics research note says. Diambil dari https://economictimes.indiatimes.com
[51] The National. (2025, Juni 13). Israel's Iran attacks deliver double hit to airlines on security fears and fuel costs. Diambil dari https://www.thenationalnews.com
[52] United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2023). Review of maritime transport 2023. Geneva: UNCTAD.
[53] World Bank. (2022). Global economic prospects, June 2022. Washington DC: World Bank.
[54] World Bank. (2023). Global economic prospects, January 2023. Washington DC: World Bank.
[55] World Economic Forum (WEF). (2024). The global risks report 2024. Geneva: WEF.
[56] World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2019). International tourism highlights 2019 edition. Madrid: UNWTO.
[57] World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2020). International tourism highlights 2020 edition. Madrid: UNWTO.
[58] World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2022). International tourism highlights 2022 edition. Madrid: UNWTO.
[59] World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2024). World tourism barometer. Madrid: UNWTO.
[60] World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC). (2023). Travel & tourism economic impact 2023. London: WTTC.
[61] Zed, M. (2008). Metode penelitian kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Published
2026-06-06
How to Cite
Prayuda, D., Junita, M. and Satriawan, H. (2026) “DAMPAK KONFLIK AMERIKA–IRAN 2026 TERHADAP KUNJUNGAN WISATA KE LOMBOK: ANALISIS PARIWISATA GLOBAL DAN PERSEPSI RISIKO WISATAWAN”, Jurnal Ilmiah Hospitality, 15(1), pp. 1-22. doi: 10.47492/jih.v15i1.4113.
Section
Articles
