ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN SYARAT MENJADI KEPALA NEGARA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2017 DAN FIQIH SIYASAH
Abstract
The State of Indonesia is a country led by a President and Vice President, therefore the requirements for becoming a candidate for head of state are an important matter that must be considered for the smooth running of the state leadership system. In addition, Indonesia is also one of the countries with a Muslim majority, which is why the author tries to compare the requirements to become a candidate for head of state according to Law number 7 of 2017 article 169 and according to siyasa fiqh. The purpose of this study is to find out the requirements to become head of state according to law number 7 of 2017, to find out the requirements to become head of state according to fiqh siyasa, and to find out a comparative analysis of the requirements to become head of state according to law number 7 of 2017 and fiqh siyasa. In carrying out this research process, the author uses the library research method or library research in which research materials use various sources such as books, journals, laws and various previous studies. The approach taken by the author is aimed at a statute approach. This is because in conducting research, the researcher examines a law that is related to the topic under discussion. After conducting an analysis by carrying out the methods and approaches mentioned above, the author concludes that in both viewpoints each has its own advantages, one example is the point of the requirements to become a candidate for president and vice president according to law there are points which state that a prospective candidates must be at least 40 (forty) years old, this is certainly very influential in a person's maturity and wisdom as well as the ability to control emotions which is very important for state leaders to have. Meanwhile, according to the fiqh siyasa, the terms or criteria for becoming a head of state, the authors also found several important points that were not listed in the law, one example is that in Islam a state leader must have good health both physically and spiritually, this is an important aspect that must be almost always mentioned by every Islamic political figure so that it becomes an obligation that must be owned by a head of state. Besides the differences in the two views, of course there are many visible similarities so that it can be concluded that the two are synergized or related to each other.
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